TB Genome Annotation Portal

Rv1286 (cysN)

• Current annotations:
  • TBCAP: (community-based annotations - see table at bottom of page)
  • TBDB: bifunctional enzyme CysN/CysC
  • REFSEQ: bifunctional sulfate adenylyltransferase subunit 1/adenylylsulfate kinase protein
  • PATRIC: Sulfate adenylyltransferase subunit 1 (EC 2.7.7.4) / Adenylylsulfate kinase (EC 2.7.1.25)
  • TUBERCULIST: Probable bifunctional enzyme CysN/CysC: sulfate adenyltransferase (subunit 1) + adenylylsulfate kinase
  • NCBI: Probable bifunctional enzyme CysN/CysC: sulfate adenyltransferase (subunit 1) + adenylylsulfate kinase
  • updated information (H37Rv4):
    • gene name: cysN
    • function:
    • reference:
• Coordinates in H37Rv: 1438907 - 1440751
• Gene length: 1845 bp (with stop codon), 614 aa (without stop codon)
• Operon:


• Trans-membrane region:
  
• Role: I.C.5 - Sulphur metabolism
• GO terms:
  • GO:0070814 - hydrogen sulfide biosynthetic process (Uniprot)
  • GO:0040007 - growth (Uniprot)
  • GO:0034599 - cellular response to oxidative stress (Uniprot)
  • GO:0016779 - nucleotidyltransferase activity (Uniprot)
  • GO:0016740 - transferase activity (Uniprot)
  • GO:0016310 - phosphorylation (Uniprot)
  • GO:0016301 - kinase activity (Uniprot)
  • GO:0010438 - cellular response to sulfur starvation (Uniprot)
  • GO:0010134 - sulfate assimilation via adenylyl sulfate reduction (Uniprot)
  • GO:0009336 - sulfate adenylyltransferase complex (ATP) (Uniprot)
  • GO:0008152 - metabolic process (Uniprot)
  • GO:0006790 - sulfur compound metabolic process (Uniprot)
  • GO:0005886 - plasma membrane (Uniprot)
  • GO:0005829 - cytosol (Uniprot)
  • GO:0005525 - GTP binding (Uniprot)
  • GO:0005524 - ATP binding (Uniprot)
  • GO:0004781 - sulfate adenylyltransferase (ATP) activity (Uniprot)
  • GO:0004020 - adenylylsulfate kinase activity (Uniprot)
  • GO:0003924 - GTPase activity (Uniprot)
  • GO:0003824 - catalytic activity (Uniprot)
  • GO:0000166 - nucleotide binding (Uniprot)
  • GO:0000103 - sulfate assimilation (Uniprot)
• Reaction(s) (based on iSM810 metabolic model):
  • ATP[c] + APS[c] -> ADP[c] + PAPS[c]
• Gene Expression Profile (Transcriptional Responses to Drugs; Boshoff et al, 2004)
• Gene Modules extracted from cluster analysis of 249 transcriptomic datasets using ICA
• Orthologs among selected mycobacteria
• Protein structure:
• Search for Latest Homologs in PDB
• Top 10 Homologs in PDB (as of Apr 2026):
  

  PDB	aa ident	species	PDB title
  4BZX	100%	MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS	Structure of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis APS kinase CysC in complex with AMPPNP and APS
  4BZQ	100%	MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS	Structure of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis APS kinase CysC in complex with ADP and APS
  4BZP	100%	MYCOBACTERIUM TUBERCULOSIS	Structure of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis APS kinase CysC in complex with ADP
  4RFV	99%	Mycobacterium tuberculosis	Structure of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis APS kinase CysC Cys556Ala mutant
  1ZUN	53%	Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato str. DC3000	Crystal Structure of a GTP-Regulated ATP Sulfurylase Heterodimer from Pseudomonas syringae
  8I1M	53%	Homo sapiens	Crystal structure of oxidated APSK1 domain from human PAPSS1 in complex with APS and ADP
  2PEZ	53%	Homo sapiens	Crystal structrue of deletion mutant of APS-kinase domain of human PAPS-synthetase 1 in complex with cyclic PAPS and dADP
  2PEY	53%	Homo sapiens	Crystal structure of deletion mutant of APS-kinase domain of human PAPS-synthetase 1
  2OFX	53%	Homo sapiens	crystal structure of the APSK domain of human PAPSS1 in complex with ADPMg and PAPS
  1XNJ	53%	Homo sapiens	APS complex of human PAPS synthetase 1

• Links to additional information on cysN:
  • TBDB (updated)
  • Phyre2 structure prediction, model: final.casp.pdb (from Mao et al, 2013)
  • UniProt
  • AlphaFold model
  • Vulnerability = 0.118 (from Jeremy Rock's lab)
  • KEGG - nucleotide and amino acid sequences of gene
  • Mycobrowser
  • PATRIC
  • BioCyc
  • Systems Biology

Amino Acid Sequence

MTTLLRLATAGSVDDGKSTLIGRLLYDSKAVMEDQWASVEQTSKDRGHDYTDLALVTDGLRAEREQGITIDVAYRYFATPKRKFIIADTPGHIQYTRNMV
TGASTAQLVIVLVDARHGLLEQSRRHAFLASLLGIRHLVLAVNKMDLLGWDQEKFDAIRDEFHAFAARLDVQDVTSIPISALHGDNVVTKSDQTPWYEGP
SLLSHLEDVYIAGDRNMVDVRFPVQYVIRPHTLEHQDHRSYAGTVASGVMRSGDEVVVLPIGKTTRITAIDGPNGPVAEAFPPMAVSVRLADDIDISRGD
MIARTHNQPRITQEFDATVCWMADNAVLEPGRDYVVKHTTRTVRARIAGLDYRLDVNTLHRDKTATALKLNELGRVSLRTQVPLLLDEYTRNASTGSFIL
IDPDTNGTVAAGMVLRDVSARTPSPNTVRHRSLVTAQDRPPRGKTVWFTGLSGSGKSSVAMLVERKLLEKGISAYVLDGDNLRHGLNADLGFSMADRAEN
LRRLSHVATLLADCGHLVLVPAISPLAEHRALARKVHADAGIDFFEVFCDTPLQDCERRDPKGLYAKARAGEITHFTGIDSPYQRPKNPDLRLTPDRSID
EQAQEVIDLLESSS

Additional Information

Analysis of Positive Selection in Clinical Isolates *new*

• data from Culviner et al (2025) (55,259 Mtb clinical isolates)
  • overall pN/pS for Rv1286: 0.708048063
  • lineage-specific pN/pS in L1: 0.416271135
  • lineage-specific pN/pS in L2: 1.004887329
  • lineage-specific pN/pS in L3: 0.47303538
  • lineage-specific pN/pS in L4: 0.866313825

• Analysis of dN/dS (omega) in a global collection of 10k Mtb clinical isolates using GenomegaMap (Window model)
• clinical isolates collection: global set of 10,626 Mtb genomes
• In the omega plots, the black line shows the mean estimate of omega (dN/dS) at each codon, and the blue lines are the bounds for the 95% credible interval (95%CI, from MCMC sampling).
• A gene is under significant positive selection if the lower-bound of the 95%CI of omega (lower blue line) exceeds 1.0 at any codon.

	global set of 10,626 Mtb clinical isolates
under significant positive selection?	NO
omega peak height (95%CI lower bound)	1.84 (0.97)
codons under selection
omega plots
genetic variants*	link